Pandas DataFrame DataFrame.dropna() 函式
Minahil Noor
2023年1月30日
-
pandas.DataFrame.dropna()
語法 -
示例程式碼:
DataFrame.dropna()
刪除行 -
示例程式碼:
DataFrame.dropna()
刪除列 -
示例程式碼:
DataFrame.dropna()
與how=all
-
示例程式碼:
DataFrame.dropna()
與指定的子集或閾值 -
示例程式碼:
DataFrame.dropna()
與inplace=True
pandas.DataFrame.dropna()
函式通過丟棄包含空值的行或列,從 DataFrame
中刪除空值(缺失值)。
NaN
(Not a Number
)和 NaT
(Not a Time
)代表空值。DataFrame.dropna()
檢測這些值並相應地過濾 DataFrame
。
pandas.DataFrame.dropna()
語法
DataFrame.dropna(axis, how, thresh, subset, inplace)
引數
axis |
它決定軸是行還是列。 如果它是 0 或 'index' ,那麼它將刪除包含缺失值的行。如果它是 1 或 'column' ,那麼它將刪除包含缺失值的列。預設情況下,它的值是 0 |
how |
這個引數決定函式如何刪除行或列。它只接受兩個字串,可以是 all 或 all 。預設情況下,它被設定為 any 。any - 如果行或列中有任何空值,就會刪除它。all - 如果行或列中缺少所有值,則放棄該行或列 |
thresh |
它是一個整數,指定了防止行或列丟失的非缺失值的最少數量 |
subset |
它是一個陣列,其中有行或列的名稱,用於指定刪除程式 |
inplace |
它是一個布林值,如果設定為 True ,將就地改變呼叫者 DataFrame 。預設情況下,它的值是 False |
返回值
它根據傳遞的引數返回一個過濾後的 DataFrame
,其中包含刪除的行或列。
示例程式碼:DataFrame.dropna()
刪除行
預設情況下,軸為 0,即行,所以所有的輸出都有行掉。
import pandas as pd
dataframe=pd.DataFrame({'Attendance': {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80,3: None, 4: 95},
'Name': {0: 'Olivia', 1: 'John', 2: 'Laura',3: 'Ben',4: 'Kevin'},
'Obtained Marks': {0: None, 1: 75, 2: 82, 3: 64, 4: None}})
print(dataframe)
示例 DataFrame
如下。
Attendance Name Obtained Marks
0 60.0 Olivia NaN
1 NaN John 75.0
2 80.0 Laura 82.0
3 NaN Ben 64.0
4 95.0 Kevin NaN
這個函式的所有引數都是可選的。如果我們不傳遞任何引數,那麼函式將丟棄所有包含一個空值的行。
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Attendance": {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80, 3: None, 4: 95},
"Name": {0: "Olivia", 1: "John", 2: "Laura", 3: "Ben", 4: "Kevin"},
"Obtained Marks": {0: None, 1: 75, 2: 82, 3: 64, 4: None},
}
)
dataframe1 = dataframe.dropna()
print(dataframe1)
輸出:
Attendance Name Obtained Marks
2 80.0 Laura 82.0
丟棄所有包含一個缺失值的行。
示例程式碼:DataFrame.dropna()
刪除列
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Attendance": {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80, 3: None, 4: 95},
"Name": {0: "Olivia", 1: "John", 2: "Laura", 3: "Ben", 4: "Kevin"},
"Obtained Marks": {0: None, 1: 75, 2: 82, 3: 64, 4: None},
}
)
dataframe1 = dataframe.dropna(axis=1)
print(dataframe1)
輸出:
Name
0 Olivia
1 John
2 Laura
3 Ben
4 Kevin
因為我們在 DataFrame.dropna()
方法中設定了 axis=1
,所以它刪除了所有包含一個缺失值的列。
示例程式碼:DataFrame.dropna()
與 how=all
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Attendance": {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80, 3: None, 4: 95},
"Name": {0: "Olivia", 1: "John", 2: "Laura", 3: "Ben", 4: "Kevin"},
"Obtained Marks": {0: None, 1: 75, 2: 82, 3: 64, 4: None},
}
)
dataframe1 = dataframe.dropna(axis=1, how="all")
print(dataframe1)
輸出:
Attendance Name Obtained Marks
0 60.0 Olivia NaN
1 NaN John 75.0
2 80.0 Laura 82.0
3 NaN Ben 64.0
4 95.0 Kevin NaN
包含缺失值的行沒有被刪除,因為 how
引數的值被設定為 all
,這意味著該行的所有值都應該是空的。
如果在指定的軸上缺少所有的值,那麼 DataFrame.dropna()
方法會丟棄該軸,即使 how
被設定為 all
。
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Attendance": {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80, 3: None, 4: 95},
"Name": {0: "Olivia", 1: "John", 2: "Laura", 3: "Ben", 4: "Kevin"},
"Obtained Marks": {0: None, 1: None, 2: None, 3: None, 4: None},
}
)
print(dataframe)
print("--------")
dataframe1 = dataframe.dropna(axis=1, how="all")
print(dataframe1)
輸出:
Attendance Name Obtained Marks
0 60.0 Olivia None
1 NaN John None
2 80.0 Laura None
3 NaN Ben None
4 95.0 Kevin None Attendance Name
0 60.0 Olivia
1 NaN John
2 80.0 Laura
3 NaN Ben
4 95.0 Kevin
示例程式碼:DataFrame.dropna()
與指定的子集或閾值
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Attendance": {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80, 3: None, 4: 95},
"Name": {0: "Olivia", 1: "John", 2: "Laura", 3: "Ben", 4: "Kevin"},
"Obtained Marks": {0: None, 1: 75, 2: 82, 3: 64, 4: None},
}
)
dataframe1 = dataframe.dropna(thresh=3)
print(dataframe1)
輸出:
Attendance Name Obtained Marks
2 80.0 Laura 82.0
thresh
的值是 3,這意味著為了防止掉落,至少需要 3 個非空值。
我們也可以指定 subset
。
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Attendance": {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80, 3: None, 4: 95},
"Name": {0: "Olivia", 1: "John", 2: "Laura", 3: "Ben", 4: "Kevin"},
"Obtained Marks": {0: None, 1: 75, 2: 82, 3: 64, 4: None},
}
)
dataframe1 = dataframe.dropna(subset=["Attendance", "Name"])
print(dataframe1)
輸出:
Attendance Name Obtained Marks
0 60.0 Olivia NaN
2 80.0 Laura 82.0
4 95.0 Kevin NaN
根據 Attendance
和 Name
列,刪除缺失值的行。如果只有其他列中的值比如這裡的 Obtained Marks
列有缺失值,它就不會刪除記錄。
示例程式碼:DataFrame.dropna()
與 inplace=True
DataFrame.dropna()
如果 inplace
被設定為 True
,則呼叫者 DataFrame
就地改變。
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Attendance": {0: 60, 1: None, 2: 80, 3: None, 4: 95},
"Name": {0: "Olivia", 1: "John", 2: "Laura", 3: "Ben", 4: "Kevin"},
"Obtained Marks": {0: None, 1: 75, 2: 82, 3: 64, 4: None},
}
)
dataframe1 = dataframe.dropna(inplace=True)
print(dataframe1)
輸出:
None
該引數對呼叫者 DataFrame
進行了原地修改,返回 None
。